Encelado/DesktopBot/Services/ApiCallCounterService.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesktopBot.Services
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Categoria di chiamata API verso Alpaca.
    /// </summary>
    public enum ApiCategory
    {
        /// <summary>Trading API: ordini, posizioni, conto (paper-api / api.alpaca.markets)</summary>
        Trading,
        /// <summary>Market Data API: barre storiche, prezzi real-time (data.alpaca.markets)</summary>
        MarketData
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Monitora e limita la frequenza delle chiamate verso le API Alpaca.
    ///
    /// Limiti piano Basic (gratuito) da documentazione ufficiale Alpaca:
    ///   - Market Data API (Historical): 200 req/min
    ///   - Trading API:                 nessun limite documentato pubblicamente,
    ///                                  usa 100 req/min come valore conservativo
    ///
    /// Fonte: https://docs.alpaca.markets/docs/about-market-data-api#subscription-plans
    /// </summary>
    public class ApiCallCounterService : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        // ── Limiti per piano Basic ──────────────────────────────────────────────
        public const int MarketDataRpmLimit = 200;   // req/min – Basic plan (gratuito)
        public const int TradingRpmLimit    = 100;   // req/min – valore conservativo

        // ── Finestra sliding di 60 secondi ─────────────────────────────────────
        private static readonly TimeSpan _window = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60);

        private readonly ConcurrentQueue<DateTime> _marketDataTimestamps = new ConcurrentQueue<DateTime>();
        private readonly ConcurrentQueue<DateTime> _tradingTimestamps    = new ConcurrentQueue<DateTime>();

        // ── Totali cumulativi ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
        private long _totalMarketData;
        private long _totalTrading;
        private long _throttledCalls;

        private readonly object _uiLock = new object();

        // ── Proprietà notificabili per la UI ───────────────────────────────────

        private int _marketDataRpm;
        /// <summary>Chiamate Market Data API negli ultimi 60 secondi.</summary>
        public int MarketDataRpm
        {
            get => _marketDataRpm;
            private set { if (_marketDataRpm != value) { _marketDataRpm = value; OnPropertyChanged(); OnPropertyChanged(nameof(MarketDataUsagePercent)); } }
        }

        private int _tradingRpm;
        /// <summary>Chiamate Trading API negli ultimi 60 secondi.</summary>
        public int TradingRpm
        {
            get => _tradingRpm;
            private set { if (_tradingRpm != value) { _tradingRpm = value; OnPropertyChanged(); OnPropertyChanged(nameof(TradingUsagePercent)); } }
        }

        /// <summary>Totale cumulativo chiamate Market Data dalla creazione.</summary>
        public long TotalMarketDataCalls => Interlocked.Read(ref _totalMarketData);

        /// <summary>Totale cumulativo chiamate Trading dalla creazione.</summary>
        public long TotalTradingCalls => Interlocked.Read(ref _totalTrading);

        /// <summary>Totale chiamate rallentate per rate-limit.</summary>
        public long ThrottledCalls => Interlocked.Read(ref _throttledCalls);

        /// <summary>Percentuale utilizzo finestra 60s per Market Data (0–100).</summary>
        public double MarketDataUsagePercent => MarketDataRpm * 100.0 / MarketDataRpmLimit;

        /// <summary>Percentuale utilizzo finestra 60s per Trading (0–100).</summary>
        public double TradingUsagePercent => TradingRpm * 100.0 / TradingRpmLimit;

        /// <summary>True se Market Data è sopra il 90% del limite.</summary>
        public bool IsMarketDataNearLimit => MarketDataRpm >= MarketDataRpmLimit * 0.9;

        /// <summary>True se Trading è sopra il 90% del limite.</summary>
        public bool IsTradingNearLimit => TradingRpm >= TradingRpmLimit * 0.9;

        // ── Statistiche per categoria ───────────────────────────────────────────
        private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, long> _callsByEndpoint =
            new ConcurrentDictionary<string, long>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

        // ── Costruttore ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

        public ApiCallCounterService()
        {
            // Timer per aggiornare la UI ogni secondo
            var timer = new Timer(_ => RefreshRpmCounters(), null,
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
        }

        // ── API pubblica ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

        /// <summary>
        /// Attende se necessario rispettando il rate limit, poi registra la chiamata.
        /// Deve essere chiamato PRIMA di ogni richiesta HTTP verso Alpaca.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="category">Categoria della chiamata.</param>
        /// <param name="endpoint">Nome endpoint per statistiche (es. "GetAccount").</param>
        /// <param name="cancellationToken">Token di cancellazione.</param>
        public async Task ThrottleAsync(ApiCategory category, string endpoint = "",
            CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
        {
            var queue = category == ApiCategory.MarketData
                ? _marketDataTimestamps : _tradingTimestamps;
            var limit = category == ApiCategory.MarketData
                ? MarketDataRpmLimit : TradingRpmLimit;

            // Attendi finché la finestra non è libera
            while (true)
            {
                cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
                Purge(queue);

                if (queue.Count < limit)
                    break;

                Interlocked.Increment(ref _throttledCalls);
                // Attende il tempo residuo prima che il più vecchio timestamp esca dalla finestra
                DateTime oldest;
                if (queue.TryPeek(out oldest))
                {
                    var wait = _window - (DateTime.UtcNow - oldest);
                    if (wait > TimeSpan.Zero)
                        await Task.Delay(wait, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }
            }

            // Registra la chiamata
            queue.Enqueue(DateTime.UtcNow);
            if (category == ApiCategory.MarketData)
                Interlocked.Increment(ref _totalMarketData);
            else
                Interlocked.Increment(ref _totalTrading);

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(endpoint))
                _callsByEndpoint.AddOrUpdate(endpoint, 1, (_, v) => v + 1);

            RefreshRpmCounters();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Restituisce le statistiche per endpoint (nome → conteggio totale).
        /// </summary>
        public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, long> GetEndpointStats()
            => new Dictionary<string, long>(_callsByEndpoint);

        /// <summary>
        /// Azzera i contatori cumulativi (non il rate-limiter sliding).
        /// </summary>
        public void Reset()
        {
            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _totalMarketData, 0);
            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _totalTrading, 0);
            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _throttledCalls, 0);
            _callsByEndpoint.Clear();
            RefreshRpmCounters();
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(TotalMarketDataCalls));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(TotalTradingCalls));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ThrottledCalls));
        }

        // ── Privati ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

        private void Purge(ConcurrentQueue<DateTime> queue)
        {
            var cutoff = DateTime.UtcNow - _window;
            DateTime ts;
            while (queue.TryPeek(out ts) && ts < cutoff)
                queue.TryDequeue(out _);
        }

        private void RefreshRpmCounters()
        {
            Purge(_marketDataTimestamps);
            Purge(_tradingTimestamps);

            lock (_uiLock)
            {
                MarketDataRpm = _marketDataTimestamps.Count;
                TradingRpm    = _tradingTimestamps.Count;
            }

            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(TotalMarketDataCalls));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(TotalTradingCalls));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ThrottledCalls));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsMarketDataNearLimit));
            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsTradingNearLimit));
        }

        // ── INotifyPropertyChanged ──────────────────────────────────────────────

        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

        protected void OnPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string name = null)
            => PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
    }
}